Clinically Manifested Myocarditis in Acute Rheumatic Fever José

The development of acute myocarditis in the postoperative period of cardiac surgery is a challenge for the doctor who treats this type of patient. In most cases, myocarditis can be only a consequence of procedural-related inflammation. However, differential diagnoses must be observed. Among them, rheumatic fever must be considered as an important mechanism. Although its cardiac manifestation is predominantly related to the involvement of the valvular apparatus, its diagnosis is essentially clinical and it can acutely impair the myocardium. In this context, the occurrence of acute rheumatic myocarditis is rare and its immunosuppressive treatment remains uncertain.